The Study of the Malaysia's Tourism Arrivals: An ARDL Approach

Malaysia's Tourism Arrivals

Authors

  • Woan Lin Beh Universiti of Tunku Abdu Rahman
  • Jia Hong Lee

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.17713/ajs.v49i3.1031

Abstract

Tourism plays a vital role in the development of country in term of income generation,
foreign exchange earnings and employment opportunity. Plenty of researchers intended
to verify the tourism-led growth hypothesis and investigate the determinants of tourism
growth in Malaysia by using cointegration approach. Their studies however mostly are
based on yearly data and applied traditional cointegration approach such as Johansen's
test. Therefore, this study uses the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) approach and
the Error Correction Model (ECM) Granger causality test to determine the existence of a
long-run relationship between tourism and real exchange rates by applying quarterly data.
Pairwise models are built by using tourist arrivals in Malaysia as a dependent variable
and real exchange rates of dierent countries as independent variables. The results show
that the real exchange rates of China, Singapore and the United States are signicant and
cointegrated with the tourist arrivals. The ECM Granger causality test results indicate
the existence of the long-run bidirectional causality relationships between tourist arrivals
and the real exchange rates of China, Singapore and the United States. The reliability
and validity of the models are conrmed by the diagnostics test and the CUSUM test.

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Published

2020-02-20

How to Cite

Beh, W. L., & Lee, J. H. (2020). The Study of the Malaysia’s Tourism Arrivals: An ARDL Approach: Malaysia’s Tourism Arrivals. Austrian Journal of Statistics, 49(3), 48–56. https://doi.org/10.17713/ajs.v49i3.1031